What is an example of active surveillance for avian influenza?

• A. Avian Influenza Live Bird Marketing System
• B. National Milk Testing Strategy
• C. Syndromic surveillance
• D. Environmental fecal sampling

Answer: (A)

Active surveillance is about proactively seeking out data and collecting samples to detect disease, rather than waiting for reports of illness to trigger investigation. The Avian Influenza Live Bird Marketing System fits this idea because it involves routine, proactive sampling and testing of poultry in live bird markets to detect avian influenza early and monitor its presence across markets, independent of whether any birds are reported sick. The other options don’t match this proactive, market-based testing focus: a milk testing strategy targets dairy cattle and not avian species; syndromic surveillance relies on existing data streams for symptoms rather than direct sampling of birds; environmental fecal sampling can be part of surveillance but isn’t in itself the structured, ongoing active program described by a live bird market system.